Suchergebnisse

A relação direito e mudança social vive mitos que vão desde a busca pela origem do direito na sociedade até a identificação da função social do direito. Pensar esses temas desde a causalidade nos leva ao paradoxo do controle, como a liberdade vigiada. Desligados dessas preocupações mitológicas, pesquisamos a relação direito e sociedade desde a tomada de decisão jurídica com o objetivo de observar a convivência direito e mudança social. Uma vez definido o corpus da pesquisa, os dados coletados são sistematizados e analisados desde a Pragmática da comunicação, com Paul Watzlawick, o dialogismo, com Mikhail Bakhtin, e a teoria dos sistemas de sentido, com Niklas Luhmann. Sendo nosso objeto a produção de sentido do direito desde a tomada de decisão de tribunais, objetivamos demonstrar que a produção e mudança de sentido dos institutos jurídicos não resultam do arbítrio nem da discricionaríedade, pois direito, como forma de comunicação da sociedade, age e reage com autonomia funcional. Os dados são coletados em sites de Tribunais Brasileiros. As temáticas já investigadas foram: igualdade; videoconferência; flexibilização da coisa julgada; homoafetividade. O resultado, ainda que parcial das pesquisas nos permitem observar que o direito não é imune às mudanças sociais > pois a decisão judicial ao mesmo tempo em que estabelece sentido, promove mudanças no direito da sociedade.

O presente artigo é resultante de uma pesquisa sobre o servidor técnico-administrativo em educação cotista racial na UFSC. A pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender como se materializa as diretrizes da Política Institucional de Acesso, Inclusão e Permanência dos Servidores Técnico-Administrativos em Educação (STAE) Cotistas Raciais na Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), a partir do olhar dos gestores. Para fundamentar esta pesquisa, são apresentadas a revisão bibliográfica da Política Institucional e a Política Pública de Acesso, Inclusão e Permanência de Servidores Cotistas Raciais no Serviço Público. A pesquisa caracteriza-se por ser qualitativa, com aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores ocupantes de cargos estratégicos na Instituição. Os resultados apontam que, ao mesmo tempo que a Universidade é inclusiva conforme a legislação vigente de ingresso de servidores cotistas raciais, a mesma nega a inclusão por falta de uma Política Institucional de Inclusão e Permanência de Servidores cotistas raciais na Instituição.

This review reports on the latest developments (since 2014) in the chemistry of cholesterol and its applications in different research fields. These applications range from drug delivery or bioimaging applications to cholesterol-based liquid crystals and gelators. A brief overview of the most recent synthetic procedures to obtain new cholesterol derivatives is also provided, as well as the latest anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant new cholesterol-based derivatives. This review discusses not only the synthetic details of the preparation of new cholesterol derivatives or conjugates, but also gives a short summary concerning the specific application of such compounds ; Thanks are due to the University of Aveiro, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, FCT/MEC for financial support of the QOPNA (FCT UID/QUI/00062/2013) and CIMO (UID/AGR/00690/2013) research units, through national funds, and where applicable cofinanced by the FEDER, within the PT2020 Partnership Agreement; and also to the Portuguese NMR Network. This work was also supported by the Integrated Programme of SR&TD "pAGE–Protein aggregation Across the Lifespan" (reference CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000003), co-funded by the Centro 2020 program, Portugal 2020, European Union, through the European Regional Development Fund. H. M. T. Albuquerque thanks the pAGE project for his Post-Doc grant (BPD/UI98/4861/2017). ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Resumo A Lei nº 13.769/2018, que altera o Código de Processo Penal, regula a prisão domiciliar da mulher gestante ou que for mãe ou responsável por crianças ou pessoas com deficiência. Esta pesquisa foi dedicada a observar a construção do sentido jurídico de situação excepcionalíssima por meio de Habeas Corpus (HC) que requereram a prisão domiciliar de gestantes e mães presas com filhos menores de 12 anos. Essa delimitação levou a termos por corpora 122 decisões do Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ) e 3 do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), todas prolatadas entre 20 de dezembro de 2018 a 19 de dezembro de 2019, primeiro ano de vigência da Lei nº 13.769/2018. As decisões foram coletadas dos sítios eletrônicos do STJ e do STF, usando por verbetes de busca: "13.769", "situação e excepcionalíssima", "preventiva pela domiciliar" e "prisão domiciliar". Os dados foram lançados em planilha de Excel e analisados sob a perspectiva teórico-metodológica da comunicativação. A análise tratou dos elementos metodológicos aplicados em pesquisa empírica com decisão jurídica, da construção de sentido jurídico e da autoria, quando o relator, o voto, a unanimidade foram tomados, não como transmissores de informações e decisões, mas como referentes de enunciados. A pesquisa viabilizou reflexões que indicam a necessidade de se promover um afastamento da lógica causal e a aplicação da lógica circular reflexiva, como propõe a perspectiva comunicativacionista, além da impossibilidade de pesquisa empírica com decisão jurídica se não transdisciplinar. Quanto ao sentido jurídico, observamos que não cabe falar em sentido fixado, mas sim em processo constante de construção, reconstrução, desconstrução de sentido, é o que observamos ao constatar que os três argumentos (tráfico de drogas exercido na residência, descumprimento de prisão domiciliar anterior e participação em organização criminosa) que impulsionam a construção de sentido de situação excepcionalíssima não estão contidos no texto legal, nem em qualquer precedente judicial, bem como que eles foram aplicados, não aplicados e reaplicados. Por fim, ao observar que um mesmo ministro, numa mesma sessão, quando é relator vota pela concessão da prisão domiciliar e quanto não é relator vota contrário a ela, consideramos que não cabe manter a autoria como se responsabilidade por estabelecer sentido, antes, o sentido jurídico de algo se faz e se desfaz devido à comunicação jurídica mesma, não devido ao/à autor/a. A pesquisa, com essas contribuições, revela quão importante e necessário se faz desenvolver reflexões metodológicas e epistemológicas sobre pesquisa com decisão jurídica.

Chromones (4H-1-benzopyran-4-ones) are one of the most abundant groups of naturally occurring oxygen containing heterocyclic compounds possessing a benzo-γ-pyrone framework, 1a. The significance of these widely spread and highly diverse compounds is far beyond the important biological functions they assume in nature [1, 2]. Natural and synthetic chromone derivatives have been assigned as lead structures in drug development with some already being marketed [3]. The majority of the naturally occurring chromones are 2- and 3-aryl derivatives, called flavones 1b and isoflavones 1c, respectively. However, other types of chromones have also been found in the plant kingdom, such as 3-methylchromones 1d and 2- styrylchromones 1e (Fig. 1). ; University of Aveiro, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal), European Union, QREN, FEDER and COMPETE for funding the QOPNA Research Unit.

Science+Business Media New York. Abstract-In response to an inflammatory stimulus, arachidonic acid (AA), the main polyunsaturated fatty acid present in the phospholipid layer of cell membranes, is released and metabolized to a series of eicosanoids. These bioactive lipid mediators of inflammation arise physiologically through the action of the enzymes 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and cyclooxygenases (constitutive COX-1 and inducible COX-2). It is believed that dual inhibition of 5-LOX and COXs may have a higher beneficial impact in the treatment of inflammatory disorders rather than the inhibition of each enzyme.With this demand for new dual-acting antiinflammatory agents, a range of 2,3-diarylxanthones were tested through their ability to interact in the AA metabolism. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated through the inhibition of 5-LOX-catalyzed leukotriene B4 (LTB4) formation in human neutrophils and inhibition of COX-1- and COX-2-catalyzed prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) formation in human whole blood. The results showed that some of the studied arylxanthones were able to prevent LTB4 production in human neutrophils, in a concentration-dependent manner. The xanthone with a 2-catechol was the most active one (IC 50 ~ 9 µM). The more effective arylxanthones in preventing COX-1-catalyzed PGE 2 production presented IC50 values from 1 to 7 µM, exhibiting a structural feature with at least one non-substituted aryl group. All the studied arylxanthones were ineffective to prevent the formation of PGE2 catalyzed by COX-2, up to the maximum concentration of 100 µM. The ability of the tested 2,3-diarylxanthones to interact with both 5-LOX and COX-1 pathways constitutes an important step in the research of novel dual-acting anti-inflammatory drugs. ; Sincere thanks are expressed to Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Universidade de Aveiro, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal), Ministério da Educação e Ciência, European Union, FEDER, PT 2020, QREN, and COMPETE funding UCIBIO, REQUIMTE [(PT2020 UID/MULTI/04378/2013 - POCI/01/0145/FEDER/007728), (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000024), and (PTDC/QEQ-QAN/1742/2014 – POCI-01-0145- FEDER-016530)] and QOPNA (FCT UID/QUI/00062/ 2013) Research Units and also to the Portuguese National NMR Network (RNRMN). We gratefully acknowledge Graça Porto and the nursing staff of the Centro Hospitalar do Porto - Hospital de Santo António blood bank for the collaboration in the recruitment of blood donors involved in the present work. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

In response to an inflammatory stimulus, arachidonic acid (AA), the main polyunsaturated fatty acid present in the phospholipid layer of cell membranes, is released and metabolized to a series of eicosanoids. These bioactive lipid mediators of inflammation arise physiologically through the action of the enzymes 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and cyclooxygenases (constitutive COX-1 and inducible COX-2). It is believed that dual inhibition of 5-LOX and COXs may have a higher beneficial impact in the treatment of inflammatory disorders rather than the inhibition of each enzyme. With this demand for new dual-acting anti-inflammatory agents, a range of 2,3-diarylxanthones were tested through their ability to interact in the AA metabolism. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated through the inhibition of 5-LOX-catalyzed leukotriene B4 (LTB4) formation in human neutrophils and inhibition of COX-1- and COX-2-catalyzed prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) formation in human whole blood. The results showed that some of the studied arylxanthones were able to prevent LTB4 production in human neutrophils, in a concentration-dependent manner. The xanthone with a 2-catechol was the most active one (IC50 ∼ 9 μM). The more effective arylxanthones in preventing COX-1-catalyzed PGE2 production presented IC50 values from 1 to 7 μM, exhibiting a structural feature with at least one non-substituted aryl group. All the studied arylxanthones were ineffective to prevent the formation of PGE2 catalyzed by COX-2, up to the maximum concentration of 100 μM. The ability of the tested 2,3-diarylxanthones to interact with both 5-LOX and COX-1 pathways constitutes an important step in the research of novel dual-acting anti-inflammatory drugs. ; Sincere thanks are expressed to Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Universidade de Aveiro, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal), Ministério da Educação e Ciência, European Union, FEDER, PT 2020, QREN, and COMPETE funding UCIBIO, REQUIMTE [(PT2020 UID/MULTI/04378/2013 - POCI/01/0145/FEDER/007728), (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000024), and (PTDC/QEQ-QAN/1742/2014 – POCI-01-0145- FEDER-016530)] and QOPNA (FCT UID/QUI/00062/2013) Research Units and also to the Portuguese National NMR Network (RNRMN). We gratefully acknowledge Graça Porto and the nursing staff of the Centro Hospitalar do Porto - Hospital de Santo António blood bank for the collaboration in the recruitment of blood donors involved in the present work. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Xanthones are a family of naturally-occurring oxygenated heterocyclic compounds. A wide range of natural and synthetic analogues are known to possess diverse biological activities including antifungal, antimalarial, antioxidant and antitumor, among others [1]. There are only a few publications related to arylxanthones [2], most of them focused on arylxanthones synthetic strategies and their biomedical potential, mainly highlighting them as effective scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) [3,4]. As far as we know, the anti-inflammatory potential of xanthones bearing an aryl group has not been studied so far. With this idea in mind, our purpose was to evaluate the putative anti-inflammatory effects of several arylxanthones bearing hydroxyl groups in certain positions of their main core, namely through their ability to inhibit 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) and 2 (COX-2), both enzymes involved in the arachidonic acid metabolism [5,6]. Preliminary results showed that some of the studied arylxanthones were able to prevent leukotriene B4 production in human neutrophils, the xanthone with a catechol group at position 2 being the most active one. The inhibition of prostaglandin E2 production was assessed in human whole blood and the majority of the tested compounds were able to inhibit COX-1 while being completely ineffective in COX-2. ; Sincere thanks are expressed to Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Universidade de Aveiro, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal), European Union, FEDER, PT 2020, QREN, and COMPETE funding UCIBIO, REQUIMTE [(PT2020 UID/MULTI/04378/2013 - POCI/01/0145/FEDER/007728), (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000024), and (PTDC/QEQ-QAN/1742/2014 – POCI- 01-0145-FEDER-016530)] and QOPNA (FCT UID/QUI/00062/2013) Research Units. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Chromones are a well-known class of naturally occurring oxygencontaining heterocyclic compounds; many of them playing important biological functions in nature [1]. Although 2-methylchromones are one of the scarcest classes of natural chromones, their synthesis and reactivity is well studied. They can participate in several chemical transformations such as oxidation, thiation, hydrogenation, photolysis, cycloaddition and condensation reactions, being useful targets in the synthesis of novel heterocyclic compounds [2]. The acidity of the 2- methyl group, due to the low electron density at C-2 caused by oxygen atom and the α,β-unsaturated ketone system, led us to explore the condensation of 2-methylchromones [3] with propargyl aldehydes [4]. ; University of Aveiro, Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal), European Union, QREN, FEDER and COMPETE for funding the QOPNA Research Unit (project PEst-C/QUI/UI0062/2011) and the Portuguese National NMR Network. Hélio Albuquerque also thanks FCT for his fellowship (SFRH/BI/51556/2011).

Chromones are a family of oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds that have been shown particular relevant biological activity. In what concerns to 2-methylchromones, their reactivity is well-known and allowed to exploit many different kinds of chemical reactions. The acidic character of the 2-methyl group, due to the low electron density at C-2 caused by carbonyl group enable this class of compounds to undergo oxidation, photolysis, cycloaddition and condensation reactions ; University of Aveiro, Funda9ao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal), European Union, QREN, FEDER and COMPETE for funding the QOPNA Research Unit (project PEst-C/QUI/UI0062/2011) and the Portuguese National NMR Network. Hello Albuquerque also thanks FCT for his fellowship (SFRH/Bl/51556/2011 ).

Winter rapeseed (Brassicanapus L.) is a species of the Brassicaceae family and an important agricultural crop in many cold temperate countries, where most of other plants do not grow. It is mainly cultivated in Europe, Asia, North America and Australia, but has a limited acreage in Portugal. The growing demand from rapeseed is dueto a progressive increase in its quality for human and animal consumption and mainly because is being promoted throughout the world as energy crop for the production of biofuels. Many studies have shown that both growth and yield of rapeseed are enhanced significantly by high doses of applied nitrogen. However, an excessive nitrogen rate could reduce the nutritional quality of seeds and can negatively affect the farmer economy and environment. [J ,4J Rapeseed and its products(vegetable oil) contain a high content of bioactive compounds such as phenolic acids, phytosterols, tocopherols, flavonoids, among others. These compounds have demonstrated antiradical activity, which has been associated to the prevention and treatment of several diseases such as cancer, diabetes, hypertension and degenerative diseases(Aizheimer and Parkinson). In this context, rapeseed compounds have been used as natural antioxidants in several industries such as feed, cosmetic and pharmaceutical. ; Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Universidade de Aveiro, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), European Union, QREN, FEDER and COMPETE for funding the QOPNA Research Unit (project PEst-C/QUI/UI0062/2011).

Winter rapeseed (Brassicanapus L.) is a species of the Brassicaceae family and an important agricultural crop in many cold temperate countries, where most of other plants do not grow. It is mainly cultivated in Europe, Asia, North America and Australia, but has a limited acreage in Portugal. The growing demand from rapeseed is dueto a progressive increase in its quality for human and animal consumption and mainly because is being promoted throughout the world as energy crop for the production of biofuels. Many studies have shown that both growth and yield of rapeseed are enhanced significantly by high doses of applied nitrogen. However, an excessive nitrogen rate could reduce the nutritional quality of seeds and can negatively affect the farmer economy and environment. Rapeseed and its products (vegetable oil) contain a high content of bioactive compounds such as phenolic acids, phytosterols, tocopherols, flavonoids, among others. These compounds have demonstrated antiradical activity, which has been associated to the prevention and treatment of several diseases such as cancer, diabetes, hypertension and degenerative diseases(Aizheimer and Parkinson). In this context, rapeseed compounds have been used as natural antioxidants in several industries such as feed, cosmetic and pharmaceutical. ; Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Universidade de Aveiro, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), European Union, QREN, FEDER and COMPETE for funding the QOPNA Research Unit (project PEst-C/QUI/UI0062/2011).